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In this issue :
Editorial
Dr. Patnaik. V.V. Gopichand
A Study of Histology of Human Ductus Arteriosus-Before and After Birth
Baig Mirza Mujahid and Gaikwad P.G.
Department of Anatomy, Dr. V.M. Medical College, Solapur. INDIA
Patterns of Talar Articular Facets of Egyptian Calcanei
Saadeh F.A.1 Fuad A.H.,2 Mahmoud S.M.I.,2 Marwan E.E.1
1Department of Human Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
2Department of Anatomy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
Address for Correspondence
Anteversion In Adult Indian Femora
Nagar M, Bhardwaj R., Prakash R.
Department of Anatomy University College of Medical Sciences, Shahdara, Delhi-110095 India
Radial and Ulnar Deviation at the Wrist in Young Adult Females
Kakar S. and Kumar Dinesh
Department of Anatomy, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi ? 110 001 INDIA.
Sexing Of The Femora
Leelavathy N, Rajangam S, Janakiram S., Thomas IM,
Department of Anatomy, St. John�fs Medical College, Bangalore ? 34 INDIA.
Development of Secondary Sex Characters in Punjabi Jat-Sikh Boys.
Singh Z.
Department of Anatomy, G.G.S. Medical College, Faridkot, Punjab, INDIA.
A Comparative Study of Cervical Sympathetic Chain
Kalsey G.1, Mukherjee R.N.2 and Patnaik V.V.G.1
Department of Anatomy,1 Government Medical College Amritsar Punjab, 2Government Dental College Sunder Nagar, (H.P.), INDIA.
Role of Phreno-Esophageal Membrane And Mucosal Flaps in the Functioning of the Gastroesophageal Junction Morphologic And Microanatomic Study In Mammals Including Man.
Patnaik V.V.G. and *Mukerjee R.N.
Department of Anatomy, Govt. Medical College, Amritsar (Punjab) and * Govt. Dental College, Sundernagar (H.P.) INDIA.
Effect of Female Oral Contraceptives On Human Chromosomes And Its Role In Behavioural Changes In offsprings
Kumar Keshaw, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences B.H.U., Varanasi, India.
Teratogenic Effects of Intra-amniotic Vitamin A on Rat Fetus
Mohanty C, Singh G.,
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences, B.H.U. Varanasi. (U.P.), INDIA.
Teratogenicity of Acrolein in Rats
Mohanty C., Singh G., Das B.K.1, Saxena A.K.
Department of Anatomy & 1Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
Bronchopulmonary Changes After Repeated Exposure To Cold Restraint Stress In Rats.
Bharihoke V., *Gupta M. and Gohil H.
Department of Anatomy, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi-110095. INDIA.
*Department of Anatomy PGIMER Chandigarh.
Fatal anaphylactic shock due to novaglin injection: A case report.
Sahni Daisy, Jit Indar.
Department of Anatomy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh.
Anomalous Course of Radial Artery And A Variant of Deep Palmar Arch-A Case Report
Patnaik V.V. Gopichand, Kalsey G. Singla Rajan K.
Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar. Punjab, INDIA.
Penile Agenesis : A Case Report
Singh P, 1Singh R.J., Sood V, Sapra A.
Department of Anatomy and 1Surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana. Punjab INDIA.
Rare Cutaneous Branches of Transverse Cervical Artery : A Case Report
Koshy S, Vettivel S.K.
Department of Anatomy, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Variations of Superficial Veins of Head & Neck
Yadav S, Ghosh S.K., Anand C.
Department of Anatomy, Dr. R.P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra at Tanda-176601 (H.P.) INDIA.
Superficial Palmar Arch Duplication-A Case Report
Patnaik V.V. Gopichand, Kalsey G., Singla Rajan K.
Departmet of Anatomy, Govt. Medical Collage, Amritsar, Punjab INDIA.
Missing Caecum-A Case Report
Kaushal S., Batra A.P.S., Kaur M.
1Department of Anatomy, Govt. Medical College, Patiala.
Surgical Incisions - Their Anatomical Basis Part 1 - Head And Neck
Patnaik V.V.G.*, Singla R.K.* and Bala Sanjus
Department of Anatomy, *Govt. Medical College, Amritsar (Punjab) and sGovt. Dental College, Amritsar (Pb.) INDIA.
Applied Anatomy of Fascial Spaces In Head and Neck.
Singh T.P., Bala Sanju, 1Kalsey G., 1Singla Rajan K.
Department of oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Pb. Govt. Dental College, Amritsar.
1Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar. Punjab INDIA.
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Anat. Soc. India 49(1) 60 (2000)
Rare Cutaneous Branches of Transverse Cervical Artery : A Case Report
Koshy S, Vettivel S.K. Department of Anatomy, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Abstract : Transverse cervical artery is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk from the first part of the subclavian artery. It runs laterally across the posterior triangle of the neck, and lateral vertebral muscles to terminate at the anterior border of the levator scapulae muscle, where it divides into a superficial branch and a deep branch. A large, rare branch arose from that artery. It divided into two branches. One of these branches divided into three branches, which appeared as cutaneous branches to the supraclavicular triangle to supply the cervical nodes and integument of the side of the neck. The other branch passed to the acromial region.
Keywords : Supraclavicular triangle, thyrocervical trunk, transverse cervical artery.
Introduction Transverse cervical artery (often replaced by a superficial cervical artery) is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk from the first part of the subclavian artery. It runs laterally across the posterior triangle of the neck, and lateral vertebral muscles to terminate at the anterior border of the levator scapulae muscle, where it divides into a superficial branch and a deep branch (often replaced by a dorsal scapular artery from third part of the subclavian artery (Williams et al, 1995). Under cover of the sternomastoid muscle, immediately after its origin, it crosses the scalenus anterior muscle lying superficial to phrenic nerve. It lies on the trunks of the brachial plexus and then deep to inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle. It terminates into a superficial branch, which passes superficial to levator scapulae under trapezius and a deep branch, which passes deep to the levator scapulae and rhomboideus major et minor muscles. Rare large cutaneous branches from the transverse cervical artery are reported. Material and Method In a routine dissection of an adult male cadaver on the right side in the Department of Anatomy, large cutaneous-like arteries were seen in the supraclavicular triangle of the neck. Those arteries were traced to their origin and termination. The specimen was photgraphed. Observations Thyrocervical trunk arose from the first part of the subclavian artery. The transverse cervical artery (Fig.1), arising from the thyrocervical trunk, was directed laterally across the posterior triangle. It terminated at the anterior border of the levator scapulae into superficial and deep branches. In addition to terminal branches, a large, rare branch arose from that artery deep to inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle. It looped anterior to the omohyoid and gave two branches. One of these branches divided into three branches which appeared as cutaneous branches to supply the skin over the supraclavicular triangle. The other branch passed to the acromial region. 
Fig.1. Transverse cervical artery and its rare large branch.T - Transverse cervical artery
B - Rare large branch from transverse cervical artery
C - arrows pointing cutaneous branches from `B'
A - arrow pointing branch from `B' to acromial region
CI - clavicle Discussion Variations in transverse cervical artery (Thompson, 1891) and subclavian artery (Bean, 1905) are reported. Literature search could not reveal detailed cutaneous branching or distribution. The superficial cervical artery (transverse cervical artery without giving its deep branch) distributes branches to trapezius, leavator scapulae and splenius muscles, as well as the cervial nodes and integument (Schafer and Thane, 1892). Over the posterior triangle of the neck, the general investing layer of the deep cervical fascia splits into two layers, which are attached to the clavicle. Between these two layers are found portions of the supraclavicular nerves becoming superficial, a portion of the external jugular vein, lymphatics, and cutaneous vessels (Du Plessis, 1975). In the present case, the rare branches derived from the transverse cervical artery can be explained as unusally larger branches, somewhat corresponding to the three supraclavicular nerves to supply the cervical nodes and integument of the side of the neck. Since these vessels are macroscopic and derived from thyrocervical axis, accidental division of them during the removal of cervical nodes or cervical skin incision can lead to severe haemorrhage. References 1. Bean, R.B. (1905): A composite study of the subclavian artery in man. American Journal of Anatomy 4:303.
2. Du Plessis, D.J.: A Synopsis of surgical anatomy. Jon Wright, Ed; Bristol, (1975).
3. Schafer, B.A. and Thane, G.D.: Quain�fs Elements of Anatomy. Longmans, Green, London, (1892).
4. Thompson, A. (1891): Second annual report of the committee of collective investigation of the Anatomical Soceity of Great Britain and Ireland for the year 1890-1891. Journal of Anatomy and Physiology 2:425-427.
5. Williams et al : Gray�fs Anatomy, 38th Edn. Churchill divingstone, New York, (1995).
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